If diet and exercise alone have not produced lasting results, several medically supervised treatments may help. These include semaglutide, tirzepatide, gastric balloon treatment, gastric sleeve surgery and gastric bypass surgery.
There is no single best option for everyone. Medication may suit patients looking for a non-surgical programme.
A gastric balloon can provide temporary support without bariatric surgery, while gastric sleeve and gastric bypass may be considered when a permanent surgical approach is medically appropriate.
At Surgery in Peru, every recommendation begins with an individual medical evaluation.
Medically reviewed by Dr. Renato Landa
General and Bariatric Surgeon
CMP N.° 59085 | RNE N.° 26919
Last medically reviewed: September 2026
Comparing your weight-loss options
| Treatment | Type | Temporary or permanent? | Important consideration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Semaglutide | Prescription medication | Requires ongoing treatment | Medical monitoring and lifestyle changes |
| Tirzepatide | Prescription medication | Requires ongoing treatment | Medical monitoring and personalised dose adjustments |
| Gastric balloon | Endoscopic procedure | Temporary | Must be removed after the planned period |
| Gastric sleeve | Bariatric surgery | Permanent | Long-term nutritional follow-up is required |
| Gastric bypass | Bariatric surgery | Permanent | Creates greater anatomical and metabolic changes |
This comparison provides general information only. Suitability, risks and expected results must be assessed individually during a medical consultation.
How do semaglutide and tirzepatide work?
Semaglutide and tirzepatide are prescription medications used as part of medically supervised weight-loss programmes.
Semaglutide acts on GLP-1 receptors involved in appetite and food intake. It can help reduce appetite and increase feelings of fullness.
Tirzepatide acts on both GIP and GLP-1 receptors. It can also help regulate appetite and reduce food intake. The FDA prescribing information confirms its activity at both receptors.
These medications are not suitable for everyone. Treatment should include a medical evaluation, nutritional guidance, regular follow-up and dose adjustments when appropriate.
Patients should also discuss possible side effects, contraindications and their current medications with the doctor.
What is a gastric balloon?
A gastric balloon is a soft medical device placed inside the stomach through an endoscopic procedure. Because it occupies space in the stomach, it helps patients feel satisfied with smaller portions and improve portion control.
Unlike gastric sleeve or gastric bypass surgery, it does not require surgical incisions that permanently alter the stomach or intestines.
Many gastric balloons remain in place for approximately six months before being removed endoscopically. The exact treatment period depends on the device used and the patient’s medical plan.
The balloon is a tool rather than a complete solution. Nutritional guidance, medical follow-up and sustainable lifestyle changes remain important during treatment and after its removal.
How does gastric sleeve surgery work?
Gastric sleeve surgery, also known as sleeve gastrectomy, permanently reduces the size of the stomach. Approximately 80% of the stomach is removed, leaving a smaller, tube-shaped section.
The intestines are not rerouted. However, gastric sleeve is still major surgery and requires long-term follow-up, nutritional guidance and vitamin supplementation when medically indicated. The procedure and its potential advantages and considerations are described by the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.
How is gastric bypass different?
Gastric bypass surgery creates a smaller stomach pouch and changes the route food takes through part of the small intestine.
This procedure can support significant weight loss and metabolic improvements in appropriately selected patients.
Because it permanently changes the digestive system, careful assessment, nutritional supplementation and lifelong medical follow-up are essential.
How does Dr. Landa choose the right treatment?
Dr. Renato Landa considers several factors before recommending treatment:
- BMI and weight history
- Previous weight-loss attempts
- Current medications
- Eating habits and lifestyle
- Digestive or metabolic conditions
- Readiness for surgery
- Ability to attend follow-up appointments
- Personal health and weight-loss goals
The purpose is not to direct every patient towards the same treatment. It is to identify an option that is medically appropriate, realistic and aligned with the patient’s long-term health.
Frequently asked questions about weight loss
Which treatment produces the most weight loss?
Results vary considerably. Gastric sleeve and gastric bypass generally produce greater and more durable weight loss than a gastric balloon, but they are permanent surgical procedures.
Medication outcomes depend on the patient, prescribed treatment, lifestyle and duration of follow-up. No result can be guaranteed.
What can I consider if I am not ready for surgery?
Semaglutide, tirzepatide or a gastric balloon may be considered for some patients seeking a non-surgical option. A medical evaluation is necessary to determine which, if any, is appropriate.
Can weight-loss medication be used before bariatric surgery?
In some cases, a doctor may recommend medical weight management before surgery. This decision depends on the patient’s BMI, health, surgical plan and individual risk factors.
Will I regain weight after treatment?
Weight regain is possible after medication, balloon removal or bariatric surgery. Long-term results depend on continued medical follow-up, nutrition, physical activity and sustainable habits.
Could I need a body lift after significant weight loss?
Some patients develop loose or excess skin after major weight loss. Once their weight is stable, they may consider a body lift or another body-contouring procedure following evaluation by a qualified plastic surgeon.
Weight-loss treatment in Lima, Peru
Consultations with Dr. Renato Landa are available in Lima. Virtual consultations may also be arranged for patients living outside Lima or planning to travel to Peru.
If you are considering medication, a gastric balloon, gastric sleeve or gastric bypass, talk to us to arrange a personalised evaluation and discuss which option may be right for you.
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Dr. Renato Landa, MD, is a physician and surgeon specializing in bariatric surgery and comprehensive weight management.
CMP N.° 59085 | RNE N.° 26919
📍 Available at our Lince branch with Dr Renato Landa, bariatric surgeon.